These badges /patches/ were introduced on January 25, 1944 by Ministry of Health and Welfare Notice No. 7 in three grades.
Badges were awarded to students who have passed the martial arts exam.
Original official description of the badges.
1944martialartsbadge1944martialartsphysicalfitnessbadge
japanese badge
japanese home front martialartsbadge
japanese homefronet martialartsbadges
japanese physicalfitnessbadgemartialartsphysicalfitnessbadge
上級武道章
中級武道章
初級武道章
武道章